Durante summary, the notion that shifts mediante human life histories, accompanied by improved intelligence, are an evolutionary response onesto per dietary shift towards high-quality food resources that are difficult esatto acquire has already been suggested by Kaplan . Our model is innovative per that it suggests per mechanism for such verso dietary shift that could have propelled hominins esatto a new evolutionary tirocinio.
Conclusion
For more than two decades a view dominated anthropological discussions that all modern human variation derived from Africa within per relatively recent chronological framework. Recent years challenged this paradigm with new discoveries from Europe, China, and other localities, as well as by new advances sopra theory and methodology. These developments are now setting the stage for verso new understanding of the human story in general and the emergence of modern humans in particular (e.g., , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ). Analysis of their dental remains suggests per much deeper time frame between at least some of the ancestral populations and modern humans than that which is assumed by the “Out of Africa” model. This, combined with previous genetic studies (ancora.g., , , , ), lends support preciso the notion of assimilation (ancora.g., ) between populations migrating “out of Africa” and populations already established mediante these parts of Eurasia.
It is still premature onesto indicate whether the Qesem hominin ancestors evolved mediante Africa prior puro 400 kyr , developed blade technologies , , and then migrated to the Levant to establish the new and unique Acheulo-Yabrudian cultural complex; or whether (as may be derived from our model) we face a local, Levantine emergence of verso new hominin lineage. The plethora of hominins per the Levantine Middle Paleolithic fossil superiorita (Qafzeh, Skhul, Zuttiyeh, Tabun) and the fact that the Acheulo-Yabrudian cultural complex has mai counterparts per Africa may hint sopra favor of local cultural and biological developments. This notion gains indirect support from the Denisova finds that raise the possibility that several different hominin groups spread out across Europe and Levante for hundreds of thousands of years, probably contributing sicuro the emergence of modern human populations , , .
It should not che tipo di as per surprise that H. erectus, and its successors managed, and in fact evolved, onesto obtain verso substantial amount of the densest form of nutritional energy available per nature – fat – sicuro the point that it became an obligatory food source. Animal fat was an essential food source necessary mediante order to meet the daily energy expenditure of these Pleistocene hominins, especially taking into account their large energy-demanding brains. It should also not come as verso surprise that for verso predator, the disappearance of a major prey animal may be verso significant reason for evolutionary change. The elephant was verso https://datingranking.net/it/flirt-review/ uniquely large and fat-rich food-package and therefore verso most attractive target during the Levantine Lower Palaeolithic Acheulian. Our calculations esibizione that the elephant’s disappearance from the Levant just before 400 kyr was significant enough an event esatto have triggered the evolution of per species that was more adept, both physically and mentally, sicuro obtain dense energy (such as fat) from per higher number of smaller, more evasive animals. The concomitant emergence of per new and innovative cultural complex – the Acheulo-Yabrudian, heralds verso new servizio of behavioral habits including changes per hunting and sharing practices , , that are relevant to our model.
If indeed, as we tried sicuro spettacolo, the dependence of humans on fat was so fundamental to their existence, the application is made possible, perhaps after some refinement, of this proposed bioenergetic model to the understanding of other important developments in human evolutionary history
Thus, the particular dietary developments and cultural innovations joined together at the end of the Lower Paleolithic period durante the Levant, reflecting per link between human biological and cultural/behavioral evolution.