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In the Department out of Epidemiology, Agencies regarding Medication (M.A good.M., T.Grams., M.Meters.) and you can Service from Diet and Integrative Physiology (P.Yards.G.), College or university from Utah, Sodium Lake Urban area; Department out-of Drug, Ny School University away from Medicine (J.Meters.B.); Welch Cardiovascular system to possess Reduction, Epidemiology and Scientific Research, Johns Hopkins School, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); and you may Company of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.A.T.).
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Regarding the Department from Epidemiology, Service out of Drug (Yards.A beneficial.Meters., T.G., Yards.Yards.) and Agencies from Diet and Integrative Structure (P.Yards.Grams.), School out of Utah, Salt Lake City; Agency away from Medicine, New york School School from Drug (J.Meters.B.); Welch Heart to own Cures, Epidemiology and you will Systematic Browse, Johns Hopkins School, Baltimore, MD (L.J.An excellent.); and you will Company regarding Biostatistical Sciences, Aftermath Forest College away from Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC (J.An effective.T.).
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From the Section out-of Epidemiology, Company regarding Drug (M.Good.Yards., T.G., M.Yards.) and you may Service off Nutrition and Integrative Anatomy (P.Meters.Grams.), University out of Utah, Salt River City; Institution out of Treatments, Nyc College College or university regarding Treatments (J.M.B.); Welch Cardiovascular system getting Protection, Epidemiology and you may Health-related Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.An effective.); and you can Institution out of Biostatistical Sciences, Aftermath Forest School out of Drug, Winston-Salem, NC (J.A good.T.).
You’re watching the newest type of this short article. Earlier versions:
Regarding Department out-of Epidemiology, Department off Treatments (M.An effective.Yards., T.G., Meters.Yards.) and you may Department from Diet and you may Integrative Structure (P.Meters.G.), College or university from Utah, Sodium Lake Town; Institution out of Medicine, Ny School College of Medication (J.Yards.B.); Welch Heart having Cures, Epidemiology and you can Medical Browse, Johns Hopkins School, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A beneficial.); and you will Company regarding Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Tree College regarding Treatments, Winston-Salem, NC (J.Good.T.).
You are enjoying the most recent type of this informative article. Earlier versions:
On the Department out-of Epidemiology, Institution away from Medication (M.A beneficial.M., T.G., Yards.M.) and you may Service away from Diet and you will Integrative Physiology (P.M.Grams.), School from Utah, Sodium River Urban area; Company off Treatments, New york School College off Drug (J.M.B.); Welch Cardio to have Reduction, Epidemiology and you can Medical Look, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A great.); and you can Service of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Tree College or university from Medication, Winston-Salem, NC (J.A.T.).
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Regarding Office out of Epidemiology, Agencies of Drug (Yards.A great.Meters., T.Grams., Meters.M.) and you will Agency from Diet and Integrative Anatomy (P.M.G.), College out-of Utah, Salt River City; Department out-of Medicine, Ny University College or university out-of Medicine (J.M.B.); Welch Cardio for Prevention, Epidemiology and you may Clinical Look, Johns Hopkins College or university, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A great.); and you can Institution from Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest College or university from Medication, Winston-Salem, NC (J.An effective.T.).
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On the Division regarding Epidemiology, Institution regarding Drug (Meters.Good.Meters., T.Grams., Yards.Meters.) and Company from Nourishment and Integrative Structure (P.Yards.Grams.), School regarding Utah, Salt Lake Town; Agencies out of Medicine, Nyc University College out of Medicine (J.Yards.B.); Welch Heart getting Protection, Epidemiology and Clinical Look, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A good.); and you can Company out-of Biostatistical Sciences, Aftermath Tree College off Treatments, Winston-Salem, NC (J.A great.T.).
Abstract
Dietary Na recommendations are expressed as only lads giriÅŸ absolute amounts (mg/d) rather than as Na density (mg/kcal). Our objective was to determine whether the strength of the relationship of Na intake with blood pressure (BP) varied with energy intake. The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)–Sodium trial was a randomized feeding trial comparing 2 diets (DASH and control) and 3 levels of Na density. Participants with pre- or stage 1 hypertension consumed diets for 30 days in random order; energy intake was controlled to maintain body weight. This secondary analysis of 379 non-Hispanic black and white participants used mixed-effects models to assess the association of Na and energy intakes with BP. The relationships between absolute Na and both systolic and diastolic BP varied with energy intake. BP rose more steeply with increasing Na at lower energy intake than at higher energy intake (P interaction<0.001). On the control diet with 2300 mg Na, both systolic and diastolic BP were higher (3.0 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 0.2–5.8; and 2.7 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 1.0–4.5, respectively) among those with lower energy intake (higher Na density) than among those with higher energy intake (lower Na density). The association of Na with systolic BP was stronger at lower levels of energy intake in both blacks and whites (P<0.001). The association of Na and diastolic BP varied with energy intake only among blacks (P=0.001). Sodium density should be considered as a metric for expressing dietary Na recommendations.